基于自适应代理模型的结构动力可靠度分析方法

结构动力可靠度分析对于衡量结构的安全状态和工作性能具有重要的指导意义。采用一种同时考虑 动态激励载荷和材料力学性能参数随机性的动力可靠度计算高效方法,通过建立不确定性材料力学性能参数 与条件动力可靠度之间的 Kriging代理模型,推导动力可靠度的解析表达式;提出一个新的学习函数来构建自 适应的 Kriging代理过程,通过复合材料飞行器蒙皮骨架结构在随机振动载荷和随机材料力学性能参数共同作 用下的动力可靠度分析对所提方法的准确性与高效性进行验证。结果表明:所提方法不仅能够避免使用代理 模型对动力可靠度求解时由于使用数值积分所引入的误差,同时能够使用尽可能少的计算成本获得准确的动 力可靠度结果。     

燃料分级对旋流火焰的动态特性影响研究

为深入研究分级旋流火焰特性,以分级旋流模型燃烧室为研究对象,对四个不同燃料分级比(Rf)条件下的分级旋流火焰进行了数值研究,在时均燃烧场特性分析的基础上进一步对燃料分级比为1和3两个工况进行了基于壁面建模的大涡模拟(WMLES)研究。结果表明:燃料分级比的改变会影响中心回流区(CRZ)的长度和宽度。燃烧室中截面的散点分布图能够显示出不同燃料分级比条件下的燃烧特征。燃料分级比为1时,燃烧室剪切层仅存在零散的涡破碎区;而燃料分级比为3时,伴随涡破碎区还出现了单螺旋分支进动涡核(PVC)。通过FFT变换获得的燃烧室内剪切层速度能谱主频与进动涡核的旋转频率相同,表明内剪切层速度脉动的产生与进动涡核有关。另外进动涡核会使流场内的燃料分布和燃烧模式发生周期性的变化,进而影响燃烧过程。调整燃料分级比在1附近,能够使分级火焰达到稳定燃烧降低排放的目标。     

Numerical analysis and optimization of boundary layer suction on airfoils

Numerical approach of hybrid laminar flow control(HLFC) is investigated for the suction hole with a width between 0.5 mm and 7 mm. The accuracy of Menter and Langtry’s transition model applied for simulating the flow with boundary layer suction is validated. The experiment data are compared with the computational results. The solutions show that this transition model can predict the transition position with suction control accurately. A well designed laminar airfoil is selected in the present research. For suction control with a single hole, the physical mechanism of suction control, including the impact of suction coefficient and the width and position of the suction hole on control results, is analyzed. The single hole simulation results indicate that it is favorable for transition delay and drag reduction to increase the suction coefficient and set the hole position closer to the trailing edge properly. The modified radial basis function(RBF) neural network and the modified differential evolution algorithm are used to optimize the design for suction control with three holes. The design variables are suction coefficient, hole width, hole position and hole spacing. The optimization target is to obtain the minimum drag coefficient. After optimization,the transition delay can be up to 17% and the aerodynamic drag coefficient can decrease by 12.1%.     

Practical compensation for nonlinear dynamic thrust measurement system

The real dynamic thrust measurement system usually tends to be nonlinear due to the complex characteristics of the rig, pipes connection, etc. For a real dynamic measuring system,the nonlinearity must be eliminated by some adequate methods. In this paper, a nonlinear model of dynamic thrust measurement system is established by using radial basis function neural network(RBF-NN), where a novel multi-step force generator is designed to stimulate the nonlinearity of the system, and a practical compensation method for the measurement system using left inverse model is proposed. Left inverse model can be considered as a perfect dynamic compensation of the dynamic thrust measurement system, and in practice, it can be approximated by RBF-NN based on least mean square(LMS) algorithms. Different weights are set for producing the multi-step force, which is the ideal input signal of the nonlinear dynamic thrust measurement system. The validity of the compensation method depends on the engine’s performance and the tolerance error0.5%, which is commonly demanded in engineering. Results from simulations and experiments show that the practical compensation using left inverse model based on RBF-NN in dynamic thrust measuring system can yield high tracking accuracy than the conventional methods.     

Aerodynamic optimization design for high pressure turbines based on the adjoint approach

A first study on the continuous adjoint formulation for aerodynamic optimization design of high pressure turbines based on S2surface governed by the Euler equations with source terms is presented.The objective function is defined as an integral function along the boundaries,and the adjoint equations and the boundary conditions are derived by introducing the adjoint variable vectors.The gradient expression of the objective function then includes only the terms related to physical shape variations.The numerical solution of the adjoint equation is conducted by a finitedifference method with the Jameson spatial scheme employing the first and the third order dissipative fluxes.A gradient-based aerodynamic optimization system is established by integrating the blade stagger angles,the stacking lines and the passage perturbation parameterization with the quasi-Newton method of Broyden–Fletcher–Goldfarb–Shanno(BFGS).The application of the continuous adjoint method is validated through a single stage high pressure turbine optimization case.The adiabatic efficiency increases from 0.8875 to 0.8931,whilst the mass flow rate and the pressure ratio remain almost unchanged.The optimization design is shown to reduce the passage vortex loss as well as the mixing loss due to the cooling air injection.     

基于任务科目的直升机飞行品质评定试飞技术研究

主要对ADS-33E中飞行品质评定的要求进行分析,从任务科目、响应类型和可用感示环境3个维度进行飞行品质的等级评定研究,提出了直升机飞行品质综合评定的试飞技术研究思路,并对某型号直升机的试飞结果和有关问题进行了初步分析。     

不同接触形式下轮盘叶片系统的振动响应分析

以某压气机盘片系统为研究对象,基于ANSYS软件,建立了接触模型、接触不分离模型和刚性连接模型3种榫连结构接触约束形式下的盘片有限元模型,分别对3种模型进行了固有特性的分析,对比了三者的共振频率和振型;在离心力和气流激振力作用下,对3种模型进行了振动响应分析,得到三者的位移响应和应力随转速的变化规律。研究结果表明:接触模型和接触不分离模型的固有特性一致性较好,而刚性连接模型和接触模型在高频段存在较大差异。同时,刚性连接模型和接触不分离模型能够极大地改善接触模型在低转速下的收敛性。     

基于自适应Kalman滤波的改进PSO算法

针对基于Kalman滤波的PSO算法在设计与应用过程中存在的不足,提出了基于自适应Kalman滤波的改进PSO算法。利用粒子群状态空间Markov链模型,建立粒子群系统状态方程;采用粒子的速度和位置作为观测量,构建观测方程;引入记忆衰减因子动态调整Kalman滤波模型参数及噪声方差阵,降低模型误差,提高粒子的位置估计精度。仿真实验表明:改进的PSO算法无论在优化精度、收敛速度,还是在稳定性方面都有很大的改进和提高,这就有效避免了粒子的"早熟"收敛问题;尤其在处理复杂多峰问题上,改进算法表现出很明显的优越性。     

一种基于极大似然估计的信号盲抽取算法

针对盲信号抽取问题,根据极大似然估计原理,给出一种基于极大似然估计的分步盲抽取算法。根据信号不同的延时特性确立抽取信号,完成第一步抽取。由于初步抽取信号存在噪声污染,根据极大似然估计,估计抽取信号的概率密度函数,确立优化代价函数,利用自然梯度方法进行优化,确立最终抽取向量迭代方式,完成对抽取信号优化处理。通过仿真证明算法具有良好的收敛性和抗噪性,在SNR17 d B时,抽取信号与源信号的相似度达到95%。     

航天测控系统自主运行的关键技术

航天事业发展趋势和未来需求指明,航天测控系统应该向以自主运行能力为代表特征的智能化方向发展。基于此,提出了标准化的支持与服务、映射现实的体系架构、实时响应的运行模式、服务化的基础平台等4项关键技术。通过将测控系统和卫星系统之间的接口、测控系统和用户系统之间的接口标准化,从而在此基础上建立最优化的操作逻辑。通过在计算机中映射现实系统的思想方法,从而产生稳定性和灵活性兼备的、支持自主运行的,并具有良好进化性能的系统架构。通过实时响应的运行模式可以很好满足全时段和突发性等具有挑战性的测控服务需求。通过大数据和云计算技术构建基础计算服务平台实现基础层与业务层分离,有利于整个系统的持续改进,提高服务质量改善的速度,建立竞争力优势。由此说明,在当前技术条件下实现自主运行的航天测控系统是可行的。